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Republic of Korea Army
The*Republic of Korea Army*(ROKA; Daehanminguk Yuk-gun), also known as the*ROK Army, is the largest of the military branches of the*South Korean armed forces*with 540,000 members as of 1995. South Korea also maintains a Regular Army Reserve of 1,400,000 men, forming 23 infantry divisions and a Homeland Reserve Defense Force of 3,300,000 men that provides a variety of replacements and internal security units

Overview
The army is structured to operate in the mountainous terrain native to the*Korean Peninsula*(70% mountainous) The current administration has initiated a program over the next two decades to design a purely domestic means of self-defense, whereby*South Korea would be able to fully counter a*North Korean*attack.

The ROK Army is organized into 3 armies: the First Army (FROKA), Second Army (SROKA) and Third Army (TROKA) Each with its own headquarters, corps, and divisions. The Third Army is responsible for the defense of the capital as well as the western section of the*DMZ. The First Army is responsible for the defense of the eastern section of the DMZ whereas the Second Army forms an operational reserve as well as guards the remainder of the country.

History
The modern Korean Army traces its lineage back to the*Gwangmu Reform, when the*Beolgyegoon*was established by Emperor Gojong*in 1881. in The 1st of every October is celebrated in South Korea as the Armed Forces Day. It commemorates the day during the*Korean War*when units of the ROK Army first crossed the 38th Parallel, thus leading the UN Coalition north into North Korean territory for the first time.

Organization

Republic of Korea Army Headquarters
Army Missile Command
Air Operations Command
1st Aviation Brigade
2nd Aviation Brigade
Capital Defense Command
1st Chemical Defense Brigade
122nd Signal Brigade
10th Air Defense Artillery Group
1113th Engineer Group
52nd Homeland Defense Infantry Division
56th Homeland Defense Infantry Division
60th Reserve Infantry Division
71st Reserve Infantry Division
Special Warfare Command*
707th Special Mission Battalion*
Special Warfare Training Group
1st Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
3rd Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
5th Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
7th Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
9th Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
11th Special Forces Brigade (Airborne)
Oversea Deployment Group
Army Logistics Command
Consolidated Maintenance Depot
Consolidated Supply Depot
Ammunition Support Command
Army Training & Doctrine Command*
Students' Central Military School
Conjoined Armed Forces College
Technical Schools
Korea Combat Training Center (KCTC)
Korea Army Training Center (KATC)
Army Combat Development Group
Korea Army Academy at Yeongcheon*
Korea Military Academy*

First Republic of Korea Army (FROKA)
3rd Armored Brigade
11th Field Artillery Group
12th Aviation Group
1107th Engineer Group
1170th Engineer Group
11th Signal Brigade
11th Infantry Division (Mechanized)
1st Logistical Support Command
II Corps*
2nd Artillery Brigade
2nd Engineer Brigade
102nd Signal Brigade
702nd Special Assault Regiment
302nd Security Regiment
7th Infantry Division*
15th Infantry Division
27th Infantry Division
III Corps*
3rd Artillery Brigade
3rd Engineer Brigade
103rd Signal Brigade
703rd Special Assault Regiment
303rd Security Regiment
2nd Infantry Division*
12th Infantry Division
21st Infantry Division
VIII Corps
8th Artillery Brigade
102nd Infantry Brigade (Mechanized)
108th Signal Brigade
22nd Infantry Division
23rd Infantry Division
Second Republic of Korea Army (SROKA)
12th Signal Group
21st Aviation Group
201st Special Assault Brigade
203rd Special Assault Brigade
1117th Engineer Group
1120th Engineer Group
5th Logistical Support Command
31st Homeland Defense Infantry Division
32nd Homeland Defense Infantry Division
35th Homeland Defense Infantry Division
37th Homeland Defense Infantry Division
39th Homeland Defense Infantry Division
50th Homeland Defense Infantry Division
53rd Homeland Defense Infantry Division
Third Republic of Korea Army (TROKA)
1st Air Defense Artillery Brigade
1101st Engineer Group
1173rd Engineer Group
1175th Engineer Group
2nd Logistical Support Command
5th Supply Unit
3rd Logistical Support Command
Capital Corps
Capital Artillery Brigade
100th Signal Brigade
700th Special Assault Regiment
17th Infantry Division
51st Infantry Division
55th Infantry Division
I Corps
2nd Armored Brigade
1st Engineer Brigade
101st Signal Brigade
11th Aviation Group
701st Special Assault Regiment
301st Security Regiment
1st Artillery Brigade
1st Infantry Division*
9th Infantry Division*
25th Infantry Division*
30th Infantry Division (Mechanized)
72nd Reserve Infantry Division
V Corps
1st Armored Brigade
5th Engineer Brigade
105th Signal Brigade
15th Aviation Group
705th Special Assault Regiment
305th Security Regiment
5th Artillery Brigade
3rd Infantry Division*
6th Infantry Division*
8th Infantry Division*(Mechanized)
VI Corps 'ADVANCE'*
5th Armored Brigade
6th Engineer Brigade
106th Signal Brigade
16th Aviation Group
706th Special Assault Regiment
306th Security Regiment
6th Artillery Brigade
5th Infantry Division
26th Infantry Division (Mechanized)
28th Infantry Division
VII Maneuver Corps
7th Artillery Brigade
7th Engineer Brigade
107th Signal Brigade
17th Aviation Group
7th Assault Unit
Capital Infantry Division
20th Infantry Division (Mechanized)

Military ranks
Officer ranks can be learned fairly easily if one sees the pattern. "So" equals small; "Jung" equals medium; "Dae" equals large.

"Jun" equals equivalent, used for Warrant Officer and 1 star general to ensure that they are regarded as officer/general, although these ranks are lower than the same grade with "So" rank.

"Won" equals principal, only used for Won-Su, General of the Army.

Each of these is coupled with "wi" equals company grade, "ryung" equals field grade, and "jang" equals general.

NCO rank is same as officer. "Ha" (?) equals lower; "Jung" equals medium; "Sang" equals high; "Won" equals principal, because this title is named after Won-Su, to ensure that this rank is higher than Sang-sa.

Each of these is coupled with "Sa" equals sergeant, although actual 'sergeant' rank is "Byeong-jang".
This system is due to the*hanja*or*Sino-Korean*origin of the names.

Commissioned officers
ROK Army Rank US Army Equalivant
Won-su General of the Army
Dae-jang General
Jung-jang Lieutenant General
So-jang Major General
Jun-jang Brigadier General
Dae-ryeong Colonel
Jung-ryeong Lieutenant Colonel
So-ryeong Major
Dae-wi Captain
Jung-wi First Lieutenant
So-wi Second Lieutenant

Warrant Officers
Jun-wi Warrant Officer

Non-Commissioned Officers
Won-sa Sergeant Major
Sang-sa Master Sergeant
Jung-sa Sergeant First Class
Ha-sa Staff Sergeant

Enlisted
Byeong-jang Sergeant
Sang-byeong Corporal
Il-bueong Private First Class
Yi-byeong Private

List of equipment of the Republic of Korea Army
1,200 M-47/M-48A3/M-48A5 MBT
500 M-113, 350 Fiat 6614 APC
2,500 M-53 155mm SP Guns, M-107 175mm SP Guns, M-101 105mm towed hows, M-114 155mmtowed hows, M-115 203mm towed hows, M-110 203mm hows; 130mm SP MRLs;
5,300 81mm and 107mm mortars
12 Honest John SSMs
5,800 75mm, 90mm and 106mm RCLs
400 TOW ATGM
66 Vulcan and 40 40mm AA guns
110 HAWK SAMs
100 Nike Hercules SAMs
14 O-2 light ac
100 UH-1B, 100 OH-6A, 25 Hughes 500MD, 90 Scout helos

On Order:
M-109A2 155mm SP hows, TOW ATGM, Hughes 500MD helos, Scout helos