dragoon500ly |
01-02-2011 04:15 PM |
Quote:
Originally Posted by Adm.Lee
(Post 29367)
An interesting thing about the Pentomic division I found. I read Gen. Maxwell Taylor's memoir a while ago. He wrote about thinking that conventional divisions seemed awful vulnerable to nuke strikes, and that something should have been done. Many pages later, he mentions that another reorganization needed to be done. Nothing is said about the actual planning, testing or deployment of the Pentomics, much less that it happened on his watch as Chief of Staff of the Army (1955-59).
I think that silence spoke volumes about the Pentomic division.
I can remember when I was in high school, I found my dad's "Army officer's guide," copyright 1961. Under a listing of the various Army posts were some of the unit assignments. As a budding wargamer, I loved that, and tried to construct an OOB. But, I knew WW2 wargames, so "battlegroups" as permanent units, subordinate to divisions, related to regiments? That really confused me. Since Pop didn't really start active duty until '64 (and never served with troops) and it was then about 20 years later, he really couldn't explain it, either.
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By the mid-1950s, the Army though a general war would be too expensive to fight by conventional means due to the Warsaw Pact having an overwhelming advantage in men and resources than NATO. The answer appeared to be to increase the firepower of a division. One of the stumbling blocks to this was the lack of understanding of the effects of tacnukes. The general consenus was that tacnukes could be used much like like field artillery. This is the backdrop for the development of the Pentomic Division.
In its final form, the pentomic division consisted of five battle groups (Headquarters & Service Company, 5 Infantry Companies and one mortar battery each) that replaced the original three infantry regiments. Conventional and nuclear artillery, tank, signal, and engineer battalions, and a reconnaissance squadron with ground and air capabilities were added to the division. The division was also authorized trains, which included a transportation battalion, an aviation company, and an administration company. The transportation battalion was to have sufficient armored personnel carriers to move an entire battle group at one time. The aviation company, the first of its type, was to be placed in the trains for better supervision of its maintenance. The pentomic division was authorized about 13,500 men of all ranks--a reduction of nearly 4,000 from the 1955 infantry division.
The pentomic division was seen as an effective organization, able to operate widely dispersed on the nuclear battlefield. There were also other reasons for converting divisions to the new concept. The defense budgets of the 1950s concentrated on new missiles, aircraft and ships and left little money for the mundane items such as rifles, machineguns and trucks.
The pentomic division, with its usage of tacnukes became a means in itself for the Army to become part of the nuclear arsenal budget.
So what killed the pentomic division? As was demonstrated in a series of wargames, the pentomic division and its independent battle groups was highly dependent on communications for it work at its best. As better understanding of the effects of even tacnukes became available, the pentomic division proved to be almost impossible to co-ordinate based on the standard of communications technology of the time.
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