There may have been a residue of pro-German feeling/nostalgia from WWI. The Germans pushed the Ottomans to make that a pan-Islamic jihad (but only against the British and French, not all Christians), which mostly fizzled and/or backfired.
Check out the book "The Berlin to Baghdad Express" for coverage on this.
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My Twilight claim to fame: I ran "Allegheny Uprising" at Allegheny College, spring of 1988.
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