And this is definitely a problem for the modern world where for example food originates dozens if not hundreds of kilometres away from where it's processed and that location is often dozens if not hundreds of kilometres away from its final destination.
Like you said, it's been mentioned before about the benefits and problems of centralization. When it works, it saves a lot of wastage but transport is the linchpin. Once there's a disruption to transport, distribution basically stutters its way through the crisis until things get better, or, in the case of the Twilight scenario, it stops altogether.
I believe this is why GDW placed an emphasis on cantonments. Small population centres, easy to protect, resources kept at a local level means not extending your supply lines etc. etc.
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