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SOFT armor: Divide number of dice of damage stopped by AV and round up; this is the blunt trauma damage taken. HARD armor: Divide number of dice of damage stopped by AV and round down. Subtract any excess AV. This is the blunt trauma damage taken. Examples using a close-range .44 Magnum (Dam 4, Pen 2-Nil): Against IIA, 2 points of damage are absorbed. Target takes 2d6 and 2 blunt trauma Against IIIA, all damage is absorbed. The 4 dice are divided by 2 (the AV), and the target takes 2 blunt trauma Against III, all damage is absorbed. The 4 dice are divided by 2.5, giving 1.6, rounded DOWN to 1. The armor can absorb 5 dice, so an extra point is subtracted, and the target takes no damage. Other things to keep in mind with this system - armor only protects where it covers; for most modern armors, that's the chest and abdomen, with maybe a 50% arm coverage. That still leaves a target with 40% uncovered on the legs, either 10 or 20% uncovered on the arms, and (probably) 3.3% uncovered on the head. At best, armor will protect against slightly less than half of random hits. Also, Outstanding Success will allow penetration of armors that would normally protect (an Outstanding Success by the .44 Magnum against NIJ III would cause 3d6 damage and 2 blunt trauma).
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Writer at The Vespers War - World War I equipment for v2.2 Last edited by The Dark; 12-31-2016 at 05:10 PM. Reason: I am terrible at quote tags. |
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#33
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I do appreciate the anecdotes, though. For someone like me who rarely even sees armor outside of a museum, it's useful to get information from someone who's not trying to sell the armor.
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Writer at The Vespers War - World War I equipment for v2.2 |
#34
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Going to the body armor shoot was a lot of fun, they let us shoot it with just about anything we wanted, they were even going to let us use the .30-06 on the level 3, until we broke out our ammo, one look at it and they would not let us use it on the level 3 plates, ball they were fine with, but did let us know that it was not rated for that round and may or many not stop it. We did not get to find out as we did not have any ball .30-06 with us. |
#35
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You may very well have had stops with 5.56mm, NO two manufacturer's armors are identical. Another factor may have been your rifles. If you were using actual M4's, their 14.5" barrels can reduce the velocity of the 5.56mmN by up to 300fps. The Level 3 plate does tend to stop any round NOT EXCEEDING 2750fps (and several rounds above 2800fps...cross-sectional density maybe?). Most testing in 5.56mmN is still done with a 20" barrel and the 3100fps velocity of M193 ball actually REQUIRES IT to hit 3100fps. Additionally, look at the new M855A1 ammo (with a 13% increase in velocity to more than 3100fps in a 62-grain projectile), It cuts right through an NIJ Level 3 vest at short range and STILL behaves like a Soft Point bullet inside the target. It could be as much of a "game changer" as MK282 was when it was introduced. Check out both the Chopping Block and The Wound Channel on Youtube. They have the best videos of Level 3 plates being penetrated (usually by M193 ball due to its lighter grain weight/faster speed). Quote:
Once again, armor manufacturer's quality varies and there are several vests out there that EXCEED the minimum standard. I find it funny that the Standard is .30-06 AP, but that speaks to the age of the NIJ Standards as well (in addition to the state of "LE equipping" when they were written). Once again, 5.56mm (or 7.62mm) are NOT TESTED in this standard. The difference is that Level 4 plates ROUTINELY stop ALL 5.56mmN rounds...even though the velocity standard for this test is STILL only 2750fps (but with a hardened penetrator). ESAPI is, of course, a higher standard but any ESAPI plate is equal to, or better than NIJ Level 4. |
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#37
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Also, the ballistic trajectory isn't the same, so all the rifle sights (from iron to red dot) will need to be changed. It's fairly close up to 200 yards, but beyond that it rapidly diverges to a six inch change in elevation. It also causes port erosion in M4 tests due to the much higher pressure, which affects automatic fire rate and increases jamming. A SOCOM test found that on average, a rifle firing M55A1 would crack a locking lug every 6,000 rounds. Even without a catastrophic failure of the rifle, barrel life is reduced by around 50% due to the high pressure of the round. All of these problems can be overcome, through improved quality control and toughened internals. As for penetration, the information I've seen is that it will penetrate NIJ III armor, but will not penetrate SAPI. When the Wound Channel tested the round, it went through III easily. Against III+, it failed out of a 16" barrel but penetrated out of a 22" barrel (it also didn't generate nearly the advertised velocity, being 2960 fps out of the 16" (and 3259 out of the 22")). Unless TWC had some underpowered rounds, the M4 won't generate the advertised velocity (though the M16 should). This probably explains why the USMC (which intends to use the M4 only) is using the Mk318 SOST ammunition at 2925 fps from a 14" barrel instead of the M855A1.
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Writer at The Vespers War - World War I equipment for v2.2 |
#38
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The 7.62mmN will NOT have the PEN (the stat) that 5.56mmN has but DON'T look at 7.62 through the narrow lens of just the PEN stat. In my game, it has 4D10 Damage dice (at Short range) to 5.56mmN's 2D10 Damage. You have to look at DAM and PEN as a unit to really determine what a given round can penetrate. This is why I use a round's Energy to determine the DAM it can do (as per FF&S/Small Arms Guide formulas). I do this by Range Band too. The 5.56mmN may look impressive because it MAY (depending on barrel length) penetrate a Level 3 plate at short range, but look further out in Range Bands and you will see WHY 7.62mm is still used in MGs and Sniper Rifles (5.56mm begins to lose its "shine" starting at Medium Range). My point here is DO NOT look at PEN ALONE, you must assess PEN & DAM TOGETHER for an accurate view of what a round can do. Thanks for catching that Typo on MK 262. I was talking about the Black Hills 77grn Open-Tipped Match round. The only 5.56mm N round in my game to make the 3D10 threshold (I modified the DAM calculation slightly by rounding up or down in various steps). It won't penetrate a Level 3 plate either (its lowered velocity nets it a PEN of 2). Quote:
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It's been in use since 2010 (the Army announced the first shipment to a field unit on 23 June 2010) and at least a couple hundred million rounds have been ordered (~150 million in FY13 and ~65 million in FY15; I haven't run across numbers for other FYs yet). For current use, I'm more in favor of the Mk318, which is around half the cost of the M855A1, is a 62 grain round, and fires at around 2900 FPS from an M4 and 3100 FPS from an M16, using a solid copper slug behind a copper/lead point for use as a barrier blind round. The bronze tip might end up being better in the long run, but that 13% chamber pressure increase gives me the heebie-jeebies.
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Writer at The Vespers War - World War I equipment for v2.2 |
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