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#1
12-09-2015, 08:17 AM
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China-russia war
Did anyone do a study (cough cough CHICO) of the China-Russia conflict in the TWL2000 setting before I post?
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Rereading the Bear and the Dragon by Tom Clancy and after 800 pages of BS finally get to the invasion of Russian by the Chinese troops. Now this book was written in 1999 fitting into the Twilight 2000 setting perfectly and even with the limited goals of the 4 Chinese Armies of the gold fields and oilfields of NorthEast Siberia there is no way "tank columns roar deep into the Northern Chinese industrial heartland" based on terrain and logistics alone. Supply was a nightmare in the book with only one rail line available and trying to airlift munitions and supplies stretched even the US civilian cargo airplanes that were called up by Executive Order.
__________________
************************************* Each day I encounter stupid people I keep wondering... is today when I get my first assault charge?? 
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#2
12-09-2015, 11:04 AM
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Unfinished work so far... Soviet-Chinese relations Soviet relations with China were in many ways an extension of those of Imperial Russia. Before 1600 Russia and China were at the opposite ends of Siberia, but from the 17th Century Russia expanded across Asia and its interests in the affairs of China increased. In 1860 Russia annexed the Amur Basin and what is now the city of Vladivostok from China, and participated with other powers in the imposition of treaties on Imperial China. Russian interest in China ultimately led to conflict with Japan and humiliation in its defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. Imperial China's submission to foreign powers also led to widespread Chinese hostility towards the Chinese emperor, resulting in revolution which ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty in 1912. During the Russian Civil War the Chinese supported the White faction against the Bolshevik's and sent Chinese forces to Siberia and Vladivostok with American, British and Japanese troops. Communist victory in 1922 marked the foundation of the Soviet Union and the beginning of a new phase of relations with China. The Soviets supported the Kuomintang faction and the then small Communist Party of China (CCP) against the Chinese government. In 1928 the Kuomintang seized power and established diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union, but they also ended their alliance with the CCP which began the Chinese Civil War that lasted until 1949. Chinese relations with the Soviet Union remained fractious and China fought two Soviet invasions in the north of China in the 1930's. However the Soviets continued to support China against Japanese territorial expansion, and influenced the CCP to ally with the Kuomintang during the Second World War. The influence of the United States also greatly increased in Asia during the Second World War, as American military power was instrumental in the defeat of Japan. America provided military assistance to China during the war and the growth of American power in the Far East alarmed the Soviet Union. Following the American atomic bombing of Japan in 1945, the Soviet's launched a major invasion of Manchuria and destroyed remaining Japanese forces in China. The Soviets also annexed South Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands from Japan and advanced into the Korean Peninsula. Soviet actions in 1945 strongly influenced the creation of the geopolitical order of the Far East that still existed at the beginning of the Twilight War. After 1945 the Chinese Civil War resumed with the CCP ultimately defeating and forcing the Kuomintang regime to retreat to Taiwan by 1949. The new People's Republic of China established an alliance with the Soviet Union and both nations were the largest communist states in the world. However Chinese ideological differences with the Soviet Union over the interpretation of Marxist-Leninist theory, and its reluctant to accept Soviet de-facto leadership of the communist world led to a deterioration of relations. China also became highly confrontational with the West during and after the Korean War and was insistent on obtaining nuclear weapons. In an age when the United States and the Soviet Union were developing nuclear arsenals and were adopting the doctrine of mutually assured destruction to prevented an attack by either side, Chinese antagonism towards the West became highly toxic to the Soviet Union. Deteriorating relations led to a split in the Sino-Soviet alliance by 1961, and also marked the emergence of a third superpower in the world after the United States and the Soviet Union. China began to compete with the Soviets for influence in other communist states and political movements around the world, and tensions led to an escalation of disputes along the Sino-Soviet border. In 1969 Chinese and Soviet forces clashed along the Ussuri River in Northern China and in Xinjiang province. The Soviet's also encouraged minorities in China such as the Uyghur's to rebel against Chinese rule, and during the Vietnam War China provided very little aid to communist North Vietnam who was a Soviet ally. In 1971 the United States and others recognised the legitimacy of the People's Republic of China as opposed to the rump Kuomintang regime on Taiwan, allowing China to take its place in the United Nations and have a permanent seat on the UN Security Council. In 1972 US President Nixon visited China and political relations with the United States greatly improved, and reinforced the permanent schism between the world's two largest communist powers. Following the death of Mao Tse Tung in 1976 Chinese leaders introduced reforms to improve China's economy, but Sino-Soviet relations continued to deteriorate. In 1978 Vietnam invaded Cambodia and overthrew the Chinese backed Khmer-Rouge regime which led to the Sino-Vietnam War in 1979. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 led to further tensions with China who supported the anti-Soviet Mujahedeen and ramped up its military presence in Xinjiang Province. Throughout the 1980's China supported the Mujahedeen by establishing training camps in China, and supplied them with arms and anti-aircraft missiles. China also continued to compete with the Soviet Union for influence in the world, and Chinese arms and advisors were found across Asia and Africa and its influence over North Korea matched the Soviet Union. Although Chinese relations with other Asian countries such as Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam remained tense, it was moderated by America's military presence in the region. Chinese relations with the Soviet Union improved under the Gorbachev regime through the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan and the diffusion of tensions along the Soviet border. However the removal of Gorbachev from power in 1991 restored Soviet hardliners to the Kremlin and led to a resumption of Soviet hostility towards China. The Soviets were also alarmed at the modernisation of China's economy and armed forces, and the rise of Chinese power played upon traditional Russian xenophobia about being encircled by its enemies. The Soviet leadership took the decision to attack China as early as 1993, and Soviet forces were slowly transferred to the Far East in order to avoid notice by China and Western intelligence services. Using territorial disputes with China along the Sino-Soviet border as a legitimate excuse to attack China, Soviet planners intended to launch a military assault through Manchuria and seize Beijing, and intended to force a regime change in China favourable to the Soviet Union and eliminate Chinese rivalry in one bold stroke before the United States and other nations could influence affairs. The use of nuclear weapons against Chinese forces were not part of Soviet planning, but their use was not ruled out either. Soviet invasion of China 1995 In June fighting breaks out between Soviet Border Guards and the Chinese 52nd Border Defence Force on the Amur River. As regular fire fights and artillery duels occur and Soviet forces cross the Ussuri River into Chinese territory and overrun a contingent of the Chinese Border Defence Forces, China and the Soviet Union move regular forces to the border region by July. US President Tanner appeals for a resolution to the crisis as the UN tries to mediate, but both the Soviet Union and China refuse to negotiate. In response to the build-up of Soviet forces in the Far East Chinese forces conducts ballistic missile tests in the East China Sea close to Taiwan. In response the United States sends the aircraft carrier USS Independence from its homeport in Yokosuka Japan through the Taiwan Strait. On August 19th divisions of the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front and the 2nd Far Eastern Front cross the Sino-Soviet border. The Soviet 6th Guards Air Assault Division and the Soviet 98th Air Assault Brigade are airdropped into China and seize a number of key river crossings, while Soviet mechanised divisions drive across the border and overrun defending Chinese forces. Soviet divisions advance into Inner Mongolia, Manchuria and Xinjiang Province as resisting Chinese forces and military bases come under Soviet air attack. The Soviet 50th Airmobile Brigade is also dropped behind Chinese lines to block the escape route for several shattered Chinese divisions. As Chinese forces reel under the Soviet assault the Soviet Union officially declares war on the People's Republic of China on August 20th. The United States and NATO place their forces in Europe on high alert and security is tightened on the inter-German border. By the end of August Soviet airborne forces seize key railway junctions, and several Chinese motor rifle divisions are overrun in Manchuria. By September China mobilises reserve forces but the Soviets advance continues, and the Soviet Army occupies large parts of Inner Mongolia, Manchuria and Xinjiang. Soviet Air Force bombers also penetrate Chinese air defences around Beijing and damage a number of military installations in the Chinese capital, while Soviet submarines sink a number of Chinese warships in the East China Sea. By the end of September the Soviets capture the city of Shenyang in Manchuria, but the Soviet advance stalls due increasingly shortages of manpower and equipment and strong Chinese resistance. With divisions of the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front less than 500 kilometres from Beijing, the United States and NATO authorises emergency arms shipments to China. In October China launches a massive counteroffensive, with nearly two million troops sent against Soviet forces in Manchuria and Northern China. Despite superior Soviet firepower the sheer size of the Chinese offensive forces a general retreat of Soviet forces. A few Soviet divisions are trapped in pockets around Shenyang and have to fight their way out. The Soviet 3rd Tank Division takes heavy losses, while the Soviet 29th Internal Rifle Division and the 38th Internal Rifle Division are overrun and nearly destroyed. By November the entire Soviet front in China is in danger of collapsing, and only attrition and Soviet air power prevents the Chinese advancing on the Sino-Soviet border. The Soviet 173rd Motorised Rifle Division is committed against the Chinese as combat ready divisions in Europe and Western military districts are readied for deployment to the Soviet Far East. However the onset of winter causes the fighting to subside as both sides rebuilt their exhausted forces during the severe cold weather. At the end of the month the Soviets launch a DP-201 high-orbiting military reconnaissance and weather tracking satellite from Plesetsk. In the Soviet Union living conditions begin to fall as industrial production is diverted to support the war effort in China. In December the Soviet Politburo declares martial law in the Soviet Far Eastern, Siberian and Transbaikal military districts and request that Warsaw Pact allies send troops to aid Soviet forces in China. East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland comply with the Soviet request, but Romania refuses to send troops to China which causes noticeable dissent in the Eastern Bloc. The Soviets also begin unrestricted submarine attacks on Chinese shipping in the Pacific Ocean, while Soviet strategic bombers strike targets across China including the populous coastal cities. In response the Chinese 2nd Artillery Corps launches a barrage of conventionally armed intermediate range ballistic missiles against targets in the Soviet Far East and Siberia which severely disrupt Soviet operations. 1996 In the New Year fresh Soviet Category 1 divisions from Europe are transported by rail to the Far East, and the Soviet 9th Guards Tank Division, 18th Guards Tank Division, 22nd Tank Division, 34th Tank Division, 34th Motorised Rifle Division, 1st Guards Motorised Rifle Division and the 106th Guards Air Assault Division are prepared for deployment to China. Although Soviet bombing of Chinese military targets continues over the winter, the Chinese front has remained stable due to a Soviet reluctance to launch ground offensives until adequately reinforced. By February Soviet Category I divisions transferred from the west are moved into position in Manchuria, and are joined by the East German 9th Tank Division and 11th Motorised Rifle Division, the Czech 3rd Motorised Rifle Division, the Polish 4th Motorised Rifle Division and the Bulgarian 5th Tank Group. In April the Soviets launch a fresh offensive against China. The Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front advances on Shenyang and the Soviet 2nd Far Eastern Front assaults Chinese defences north of Beijing. Chinese forces are shattered by the Soviet offensive and the Chinese 16th Army and 23rd Army in Manchuria are routed by the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front. The Soviet 35th Army advances as far as the Yalu River near the North Korean border, while Soviet forces in Xinjiang Province are aided by Uyghur partisans. By May the Soviet offensive in China stalls as fresh Chinese divisions are transferred from the south to reinforce the Chinese 27th Army and 38th Army defending Beijing. Over the winter Chinese forces were reinforced with NATO arms, and a Chinese counter-offensive led by the Chinese 40th Army breaks through Soviet lines and encircles Harbin and Shenyang. Warsaw Pact troops in Manchuria are hard pressed to hold their positions and casualties increase. During the breakout from the Shenyang pocket the Soviet 70th Motorised Division suffers heavy losses, while the East German 9th Tank Division and 11th Motorised Rifle Division are overrun and destroyed largely due to poor Soviet leadership and communications. Media coverage of Soviet and East German casualties and prisoners of war in China is broadcasted around the world, leading to anti-Soviet protests in West Germany and considerable unease in East Germany. The failure of the Soviet offensive in China leads to a massive mobilisation of Soviet forces. One quarter of the Soviet Army’s Category I divisions deployed in Europe and many Soviet category II divisions are mobilised for deployment to China. Soviet category III divisions are upgraded, and reserve mobilisation only divisions start training for the first time since the Second World War. By June Soviet reinforcements from Europe begin to arrive in the Far East, and the Soviet 27th Tank Division, 23rd Motorised Rifle Division, 33rd Guards Motorised Division, 37th Motorised Rifle Division, 38th Internal Defence Rifle Division, 73rd Internal Defence Rifle Division, 112th Motorised Rifle Division, 116th Motorised Rifle Division, 118th Motorised Rifle Division, 141st Motorised Rifle Division and 158th Motorised Rifle Division are deployed to China. The Soviets also make a second call for troops from Warsaw Pact allies. Even within the highly censured Communist Bloc this news is highly unpopular, but the East German government agrees to reform the divisions destroyed in China. The nationalist officers corps of the Bundeswehr and NVA are alarmed by the prospect of more German troops being sent to China and begin to accelerate plans for German Reunification. In July the Soviet Army goes on the offensive in Manchuria and Chinese cities come under severe Soviet air attack, but the Soviet destroyer Obraztsovy is sunk by a Chinese submarine in East China Sea. In September the Soviet Politburo makes a third call up for more troops from its Warsaw Pact allies to be made ready for deployment to China whether their equipment and training is complete or not. This causes widespread disquiet in the ranks of the Warsaw Pact and an acceleration of German reunification plans. In West Germany the Bundeswehr calls up reserves as part of NATO military exercises, but also positions forces close to the inter-German border. Following the crossings on the inter-German border by Bundeswehr divisions who advance into East Germany, the Soviet General Staff at Checkov orders Soviet forces in China to cease offensive operations until the situation in Germany is contained. By December fighting resumes in China and divisions of the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front reach the Yalu River on the Chinese border with North Korea for the first time, while the US 2nd Infantry Division is engaged by North Korean commandos in South Korea. 1997 In January the British colony of Hong Kong comes under direct Soviet air attack for the first time. British forces in Asia are amalgamated into the newly formed British 6th Infantry Division and deployed to mainland China in support of Chinese forces. In February the 5th Soviet Army, 36th Soviet Army and the 39th Soviet Army advance against the 38th Chinese Army and 65th Chinese Army in Manchuria. The 36th Soviet Army also advances within 100 kilometres of Beijing, and the 35th Soviet Army also reaches the Yalu River and opens a land route with North Korea for the first time. In response the US 4th Marine Division and 26th Infantry (Light) Division (1st, 2nd Massachusetts & 43rd Connecticut NG) are shipped be sea to South Korea. In June the US 8th Army goes on the offensive in Korea as the US 2nd Infantry Division, 7th Infantry (Light) Division, 25th Infantry (Light) Division, 26th Infantry (Light) Division, 41st Infantry Division and 45th Infantry Division advance on the 38th Parallel as part of a move to reach the Yalu River. In an effort to distract the United States the Soviet's sends military forces across the Bering Straits to invade the US state of Alaska. In July Soviet reversals in Poland lead to the redeployment of the Soviet 1st Tank Division and 9th Guards Tank Division from China to the Polish theatre. By August the North Korean Army retreats back across the 38th Parallel as US and South Korean forces drive towards the Yalu River. US forces meet Chinese forces for the first time when forward elements of the US 2nd Infantry Division cross the Yalu and relieve the surrounded airhead of the 2nd Chinese Parachute Division. Soviet counterattacks cut the 2nd Infantry Division's line of communication, briefly placing it under the command of the Chinese 28th Army. The Soviets also cross the nuclear threshold by using tactical nuclear weapons against Chinese forces in Harbin which changes the nature of the war. Another Soviet tactical nuclear strike destroys the headquarters of the Chinese 28th Army, forcing the US 2nd Infantry Division to march overland through enemy held territory to re-establish contact with the main body of the VI US Corps in Korea. With the Soviet Union and China exchanging tactical nuclear strikes in the Far East, the US 5th Marine Division is shipped from the North Carolina to Korea to reinforce the II US Amphibious Corps. That is all I have on China so far!
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#3
12-09-2015, 02:16 PM
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Is that all???
Holy bat droppings!!! But once again if you look at terrain road networks and rail lines some of the attacks do not seem feasible
__________________
************************************* Each day I encounter stupid people I keep wondering... is today when I get my first assault charge??
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#4
12-10-2015, 09:48 AM
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__________________
I will not hide. I will not be deterred nor will I be intimidated from my performing my duty, I am a Canadian Soldier.
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#5
12-10-2015, 10:08 AM
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#6
12-10-2015, 05:23 PM
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In Bear and Dragon, part of the issue was that the Chinese were attacking a relatively unprepared Soviet Union, yes? In T2K, the shoe is on the other foot. Uncle Ted
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#7
01-03-2016, 08:40 PM
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RN7 that was pretty cool.
When I was at CGSC a few years ago, I took an elective class called "Warfare 2030". Our entire grade was based on class participation (1/3), writing about the future of a nation of our choice (1/3), and writing about a future war (1/3). One of my classmates wrote an absolutely brilliant study of a war between Russia and China in 2030 in which China basically infiltrated Siberia to seek and secure mineral, timber, and petro resources while also providing living space to an expanding population and something for the surplus male population to do instead of overthrowing the central government. So, after he presented his paper we were all asked to comment. My comment was "wow, this is like Twilight 2000 in reverse". The amazing thing is that out of eight Gen X aged O4's and two recently retired late boomer professors, six people got the reference.
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#8
01-03-2016, 10:33 PM
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I have since re-written the 1995 part a bit
1995 The Soviet Far Eastern Military District included all Soviet forces based in a vast territory stretching from Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia to the Pacific Ocean, and from the East Siberian Sea to the Chinese border. Politically the Soviet Far East bordered China, Mongolia and North Korea through a 17 kilometres strip of land. It also bordered Japan across the Soya Strait and Alaska across the Bering Sea, which increased its strategic importance to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Far Eastern Military District was headquartered in Khabarovsk on the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri rivers located 30 kilometres from China. It commanded 21 active and reserve divisions assigned to the 3rd Guards Army in Khabarovsk, the 5th Army in Ussuriysk, the 15th Army on Sakhalin Island, the 35th Army in Belogorsk, three Soviet Air Force air corps and the Soviet Navy Pacific Fleet. From 1994 some second line divisions in the Far East are reassigned to less pivotal theatres such as Soviet Central Asia, and are replaced by Category I and II divisions and stocks of frontline military equipment deployed from Europe. In 1995 divisions of the Soviet 2nd Army in Siberia, the 28th Army in Belorussia, the 36th Army in Transbaikal and the 39th Army in Mongolia were allocated to support operations in the Soviet Far East, while all Soviet forces are placed under the command of the reformed Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front and 2nd Far Eastern Front that were disbanded at the end of the Second World War. In 1995 Soviet reconnaissance satellite launches are prioritised for orbital sweeps over the Far East to give accurate information on Chinese and US forces in Asia with on-the-ground KGB and Soviet Army intelligence. In June GRU Spetsnaz forces disguised as KGB Border Troops cross into Chinese territory and attack the Chinese 52nd Border Defence Force to provoke conflict with China. Following this incident increased Chinese forces are deployed to the Sino-Soviet border region as regular fire fights and artillery duels occur between Chinese and Soviet forces throughout July. Soviet Air Force squadrons and troops from western military districts are also airlifted to the Far East to fill slots within selected Soviet divisions. In August the Soviet Politburo authorizes a full-scale invasion of China and Soviet forces in the Far East are brought up to full operational strength. On August 19th the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front sends ten divisions of the 3rd Guards Army and the 5th Army across the Chinese border into Manchuria from the Far Eastern departments of Amur and Khabarovsk, flanked by three divisions of the Soviet 15th Army who cross into Manchuria from the Primorsky department on the Pacific coast. Two other divisions of the Soviet 15th Army with the 55th Naval Infantry Division also secure the port of Vladivostok, Sakhalin and the Kurile islands and the slim land corridor with North Korea. To the west the Soviet 2nd Far Eastern Front's deploys five divisions of the 36th Army to support the Soviet advance into Manchuria and Inner-Mongolia, while five more divisions from the 35th Army in Siberia cross into Xinjiang province. The Soviet 6th Guards Air Assault Division is also airdropped into Manchuria in advance of the main body of Soviet forces to seize key river crossings, while the 98th Air Assault Brigade assists the 35th Army in Xinjiang. As Chinese forces reel under the force of the Soviet assault the Soviet Union officially declares war on the People's Republic of China on August 20th. The United States places its forces in Asia on high alert as NATO tightens security on the inter-German border. As Soviet forces advance into China a number of Chinese divisions are overrun, while Chinese military bases in Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang come under heavy Soviet air attack. North Korea declares its neutrality in the conflict despite its border with the Soviet Union remaining open and the presence of Soviet advisors in the country. The Soviet 50th Airmobile Brigade and 14th Spetsnaz Brigade are also dropped behind Chinese lines to block the escape route for several shattered Chinese divisions. By the end of August the Soviets are in effective control of the 6,400 kilometre long Sino-Soviet border region and capture the cities of Harbin and Changchun in Manchuria, while heavy PLAAF air attacks on Soviet positions are successfully repelled by the Soviet Air Force. By September Chinese reserves are fully mobilised but the Soviet advance continues. Several Chinese motorised rifle divisions are destroyed in Manchuria, and Soviet long ranged bombers penetrate Chinese air defences around Beijing and damage a number of military installations. The Soviet Pacific Fleet also deploys intensive submarines patrols off the coast of China, and several Chinese frigates and a number of commercial freighters are sunk in the East China Sea. With the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front less than 500 kilometres from Beijing the United States and NATO authorise emergency arms shipments to China. Prepositioned sealift ships from the US Material Sealift Command in Guam and Saipan are ordered to sail to Hong Kong and Shanghai under US Navy escort, while USAF transports begin regular supply runs to China from the United States, Japan and Europe. By the end of September the Soviets capture the city of Shenyang, but the Soviet advance stalls due to increasing shortages of manpower and equipment. In October Chinese forces launch a massive counteroffensive, with nearly two million troops sent against Soviet forces in Manchuria and Northern China. Despite superior Soviet firepower the sheer size of the Chinese offensive forces a general retreat of Soviet forces in China. A few Soviet divisions are trapped in pockets around Shenyang and have to fight their way out. The Soviet 3rd Tank Division takes heavy losses, while the Soviet 29th Internal Rifle Division and 38th Internal Rifle Division are overrun and nearly destroyed. By November the entire Soviet front in China is in danger of collapsing, and only attrition and Soviet air power prevents the Chinese advancing through Manchuria on the Sino-Soviet border. Combat ready Soviet divisions in Europe and Western military districts are readied for deployment to the Soviet Far East, and the Soviet 173rd Motorised Rifle Division is committed to operations in China. The onset of severe winter weather causes the fighting in Manchuria to subside as both sides rebuilt their exhausted forces. The Soviets also launch a DP-201 high-orbiting military reconnaissance and weather tracking satellite from Plesetsk to monitor Chinese military movements. In the Soviet Union living conditions begin to fall as industrial production is diverted to support the war effort in China. In December the Soviet Politburo declares martial law in the Soviet Far Eastern, Siberian and Transbaikal military districts and request that Warsaw Pact allies send troops to China. The governments of East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland comply with the Soviet request, but Romania refuses to send troops to China which causes noticeable dissent in the Eastern Bloc. The Soviet Pacific Fleet also begin unrestricted submarine attacks on Chinese shipping in the Pacific Ocean, while Soviet strategic bombers target all cities in China including the populous coastal cities. In response the Chinese 2nd Artillery Corps launches a barrage of conventionally armed intermediate range ballistic missiles against the Soviet Union, which damage a number of air bases and rail heads in the Soviet Far East and Siberia and severely disrupt Soviet operations. In the United States paranoia about the war in China escalating to a global nuclear conflict leads to major anti-war demonstrations in Washington DC, while rioting is also reported in the US states of New Hampshire, New York and Pennsylvania. In the Middle East Hezbollah attacks against Israel continue and Tudeh insurgents continue to gain ground in Iran, forcing the Iranian Nowin government to open dialogue with the United States. With growing instability in the Middle East the US Army 7th Special Forces Group is deployed to Saudi Arabia. The Sultan of Oman also requests military assistance from Britain who sends three infantry battalions (1st/6th Queen Elizabeth’s Own Gurkha Rifles, 1st/7th Duke of Edinburgh’s Own Gurkha Rifles, the Kings Own Scottish Borderers) and a paratroop battalion (3rd/Parachute Regiment). France also reinforces its forces in the region by sending the French Foreign Legion Operations Group (GOLE) to Djibouti. In December the USAF space shuttle Enterprise is launched from Vandenberg AFB on its first test mission, and the USAF launches a Titan IV rocket from Vandenberg AFB with a KH-12 reconnaissance satellite to monitor events in China. The US Navy also commissions the Nimitz Class nuclear powered aircraft carrier USS John C. Stennis at Norfolk and deploys it to the US Seventh Fleet in the Pacific. In East Germany the NVA also steps up dialogue with the Bundeswehr, and West Germany's military intelligence service requests computer files on NVA personnel to be made available to asses loyalty during any future reunification.
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#9
01-03-2016, 10:45 PM
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Soviet-Chinese relations
Soviet relations with China are a continuation of those of Imperial Russia. Before 1600 Russia and China were at the opposite ends of Siberia, but Russia expanded across Asia from the 17th Century and its interests in the affairs of China increased. In 1860 Russia annexed the Amur Basin and what is now the city of Vladivostok from China, and participated with the other Great powers in the imposition of treaties on Imperial China. Russian interest in China ultimately led to conflict with Japan over territory, and humiliation in its defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. Imperial China's submission to foreign powers also led to widespread Chinese hostility towards the Chinese emperor, and resulting in revolution which ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty in 1912. Following the Russian Revolution in 1917 the Chinese supported the White faction against the Communist Bolshevik's in the Russian Civil War, and Chinese forces were sent to Siberia and Vladivostok with American, British and Japanese troops. Communist victory in 1922 marked the foundation of the Soviet Union and the beginning of a new phase of relations with China. The Soviets supported the Kuomintang faction and the then small Communist Party of China (CCP) against the Chinese government. In 1928 the Kuomintang seized power and established diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union, but they also ended their alliance with the CCP which began the Chinese Civil War. Chinese relations with the Soviet Union remained fractious, and China fought two Soviet invasions of China in the 1930's. However the Soviets continued to support China against Japanese territorial expansion, and influenced the CCP to ally with the Kuomintang during the Second World War. The influence of the United States also greatly increased in Asia during the Second World War, as American military power was instrumental in the defeat of Japan. America provided military assistance to China during the war and the growth of American power in the Far East alarmed the Soviet Union. Following the American atomic bombing of Japan in 1945, the Soviet's launched a major invasion of Manchuria and destroyed remaining Japanese forces in China and Korea. The Soviets also annexed South Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands from Japan and advanced into the Korean Peninsula. Soviet actions in 1945 strongly influenced the creation of the geopolitical order of the Far East that still existed at the beginning of the Twilight War. After 1945 the Chinese Civil War resumed and the CCP defeated the Kuomintang and forced it to retreat to Taiwan by 1949. The newly founded People's Republic of China established an alliance with the Soviet Union and both nations were the largest communist states in the world. However Chinese ideological differences with the Soviet Union over the interpretation of Marxist-Leninist theory, and its reluctance to accept Soviet leadership of the communist world led to a deterioration of relations. China also became highly confrontational with the West during and after the Korean War and was insistent on obtaining nuclear weapons. In an age when the United States and the Soviet Union were developing nuclear arsenals and adopting the doctrine of mutually assured destruction, Chinese antagonism towards the West became highly toxic to the Soviet Union. Deteriorating relations led to a split in the Sino-Soviet alliance by 1961, and marked the emergence of a third superpower after the United States and the Soviet Union. China began to compete with the Soviets for influence in other communist states and political movements around the world, and tensions led to an escalation of disputes along the Sino-Soviet border. In 1969 Chinese and Soviet forces clashed along the Ussuri River on the Sino-Soviet border and also in Xinjiang province. The Soviet's also encouraged Chinese minorities to rebel against Chinese rule, and during the Vietnam War China provided very little aid to communist North Vietnam who was a Soviet ally. In 1971 the United States and other Western democracies recognised the legitimacy of the People's Republic of China as opposed to the rump Kuomintang regime on Taiwan, and this allowed China to take its place in the United Nations and have a permanent seat on the UN Security Council. In 1972 US President Nixon visited China, and Chinese political relations with the United States greatly improved and reinforced the schism between the world's two largest communist powers. Following the death of Mao Tse Tung in 1976 Chinese leaders introduced reforms to improve China's economy, but Sino-Soviet relations continued to deteriorate. In 1978 Soviet backed Vietnam invaded Cambodia and overthrew the Chinese backed Khmer-Rouge regime which led to the Sino-Vietnam War in 1979. The brief but violent Sino-Vietnam War led to over 100,000 casualties and demonstrated to the Soviets that they were unable to protect Vietnam form Chinese attack, and also led to the stationing of over one million Chinese troops along the Sino-Soviet border in preparation for a full scale war. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 led to further tensions with China who supported the anti-Soviet Mujahedeen, and also ramped up its military presence in Xinjiang Province. Throughout the 1980's China supported the Mujahedeen by establishing training camps in China, and supplied them with arms and anti-aircraft missiles. China also continued to compete with the Soviet Union for influence in the world, and Chinese arms and advisors were found across Asia and Africa and its influence over North Korea matched the Soviet Union. Although Chinese relations with other Asian countries such as Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam remained tense, it was moderated by America's military presence in the region. Chinese relations with the Soviet Union improved under the Gorbachev regime through the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan and the diffusion of tensions along the Soviet border. However the removal of Gorbachev from power in 1991 restored Soviet hardliners to the Kremlin and led to a resumption of Soviet hostility towards China. The Soviets were also alarmed at the modernisation of China's economy and armed forces, and the rise of Chinese power played upon traditional Russian xenophobia about being encircled by its enemies. The Soviet leadership took the decision to attack China as early as 1993, and Soviet forces were slowly transferred to the Far East in order to avoid notice by China and Western intelligence services. Using territorial disputes with China along the Sino-Soviet border as a legitimate excuse to attack China, Soviet planners intended to launch a military assault through Manchuria and seize Beijing to force a regime change in China favourable to the Soviet Union and eliminate Chinese rivalry in one bold stroke before the United States and other nations could influence affairs. The use of nuclear weapons against Chinese forces were not part of Soviet planning, but their use was not ruled out either. 1995 Soviet invasion of China The Soviet Far Eastern Military District included all Soviet forces based in a vast territory stretching from Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia to the Pacific Ocean, and from the East Siberian Sea to the Chinese border. Politically the Soviet Far East bordered China, Mongolia and North Korea through a 17 kilometres strip of land. It also bordered Japan across the Soya Strait and Alaska across the Bering Sea, which increased its strategic importance to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Far Eastern Military District was headquartered in Khabarovsk on the confluence of the Amur and Ussuri rivers located 30 kilometres from China. It commanded 21 active and reserve divisions assigned to the 3rd Guards Army in Khabarovsk, the 5th Army in Ussuriysk, the 15th Army on Sakhalin Island, the 35th Army in Belogorsk, three Soviet Air Force air corps and the Soviet Navy Pacific Fleet. From 1994 some second line divisions in the Far East are reassigned to less pivotal theatres such as Soviet Central Asia, and are replaced by Category I and II divisions and stocks of frontline military equipment deployed from Europe. In 1995 divisions of the Soviet 2nd Army in Siberia, the 28th Army in Belorussia, the 36th Army in Transbaikal and the 39th Army in Mongolia were allocated to support operations in the Soviet Far East, while all Soviet forces are placed under the command of the reformed Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front and 2nd Far Eastern Front that were disbanded at the end of the Second World War. In 1995 Soviet reconnaissance satellite launches are prioritised for orbital sweeps over the Far East to give accurate information on Chinese and US forces in Asia with on-the-ground KGB and Soviet Army intelligence. In June GRU Spetsnaz forces disguised as KGB Border Troops cross into Chinese territory and attack the Chinese 52nd Border Defence Force to provoke conflict with China. Following this incident increased Chinese forces are deployed to the Sino-Soviet border region as regular fire fights and artillery duels occur between Chinese and Soviet forces throughout July. Soviet Air Force squadrons and troops from western military districts are also airlifted to the Far East to fill slots within selected Soviet divisions. In August the Soviet Politburo authorizes a full-scale invasion of China and Soviet forces in the Far East are brought up to full operational strength. On August 19th the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front sends ten divisions of the 3rd Guards Army and the 5th Army across the Chinese border into Manchuria from the Far Eastern departments of Amur and Khabarovsk, flanked by three divisions of the Soviet 15th Army who cross into Manchuria from the Primorsky department on the Pacific coast. Two other divisions of the Soviet 15th Army with the 55th Naval Infantry Division also secure the port of Vladivostok, Sakhalin and the Kurile islands and the slim land corridor with North Korea. To the west the Soviet 2nd Far Eastern Front's deploys five divisions of the 36th Army to support the Soviet advance into Manchuria and Inner-Mongolia, while five more divisions from the 35th Army in Siberia cross into Xinjiang province. The Soviet 6th Guards Air Assault Division is also airdropped into Manchuria in advance of the main body of Soviet forces to seize key river crossings, while the 98th Air Assault Brigade assists the 35th Army in Xinjiang. As Chinese forces reel under the force of the Soviet assault the Soviet Union officially declares war on the People's Republic of China on August 20th. The United States places its forces in Asia on high alert as NATO tightens security on the inter-German border. As Soviet forces advance into China a number of Chinese divisions are overrun, while Chinese military bases in Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang come under heavy Soviet air attack. North Korea declares its neutrality in the conflict despite its border with the Soviet Union remaining open and the presence of Soviet advisors in the country. The Soviet 50th Airmobile Brigade and 14th Spetsnaz Brigade are also dropped behind Chinese lines to block the escape route for several shattered Chinese divisions. By the end of August the Soviets are in effective control of the 6,400 kilometre long Sino-Soviet border region and capture the cities of Harbin and Changchun in Manchuria, while heavy PLAAF air attacks on Soviet positions are successfully repelled by the Soviet Air Force. By September Chinese reserves are fully mobilised but the Soviet advance continues. Several Chinese motorised rifle divisions are destroyed in Manchuria, and Soviet long ranged bombers penetrate Chinese air defences around Beijing and damage a number of military installations. The Soviet Pacific Fleet also deploys intensive submarines patrols off the coast of China, and several Chinese frigates and a number of commercial freighters are sunk in the East China Sea. With the Soviet 1st Far Eastern Front less than 500 kilometres from Beijing the United States and NATO authorise emergency arms shipments to China. Prepositioned sealift ships from the US Material Sealift Command in Guam and Saipan are ordered to sail to Hong Kong and Shanghai under US Navy escort, while USAF transports begin regular supply runs to China from the United States, Japan and Europe. By the end of September the Soviets capture the city of Shenyang, but the Soviet advance stalls due to increasing shortages of manpower and equipment. In October Chinese forces launch a massive counteroffensive, with nearly two million troops sent against Soviet forces in Manchuria and Northern China. Despite superior Soviet firepower the sheer size of the Chinese offensive forces a general retreat of Soviet forces in China. A few Soviet divisions are trapped in pockets around Shenyang and have to fight their way out. The Soviet 3rd Tank Division takes heavy losses, while the Soviet 29th Internal Rifle Division and 38th Internal Rifle Division are overrun and nearly destroyed. By November the entire Soviet front in China is in danger of collapsing, and only attrition and Soviet air power prevents the Chinese advancing through Manchuria on the Sino-Soviet border. Combat ready Soviet divisions in Europe and Western military districts are readied for deployment to the Soviet Far East, and the Soviet 173rd Motorised Rifle Division is committed to operations in China. The onset of severe winter weather causes the fighting in Manchuria to subside as both sides rebuilt their exhausted forces. The Soviets also launch a DP-201 high-orbiting military reconnaissance and weather tracking satellite from Plesetsk to monitor Chinese military movements. In the Soviet Union living conditions begin to fall as industrial production is diverted to support the war effort in China. In December the Soviet Politburo declares martial law in the Soviet Far Eastern, Siberian and Transbaikal military districts and request that Warsaw Pact allies send troops to China. The governments of East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland comply with the Soviet request, but Romania refuses to send troops to China which causes noticeable dissent in the Eastern Bloc. The Soviet Pacific Fleet also begin unrestricted submarine attacks on Chinese shipping in the Pacific Ocean, while Soviet strategic bombers target all cities in China including the populous coastal cities. In response the Chinese 2nd Artillery Corps launches a barrage of conventionally armed intermediate range ballistic missiles against the Soviet Union, which damage a number of air bases and rail heads in the Soviet Far East and Siberia and severely disrupt Soviet operations. In the United States paranoia about the war in China escalating to a global nuclear conflict leads to major anti-war demonstrations in Washington DC, while rioting is also reported in the US states of New Hampshire, New York and Pennsylvania. In the Middle East Hezbollah attacks against Israel continue and Tudeh insurgents continue to gain ground in Iran, forcing the Iranian Nowin government to open dialogue with the United States. With growing instability in the Middle East the US Army 7th Special Forces Group is deployed to Saudi Arabia. The Sultan of Oman also requests military assistance from Britain who sends three infantry battalions (1st/6th Queen Elizabeth’s Own Gurkha Rifles, 1st/7th Duke of Edinburgh’s Own Gurkha Rifles, the Kings Own Scottish Borderers) and a paratroop battalion (3rd/Parachute Regiment). France also reinforces its forces in the region by sending the French Foreign Legion Operations Group (GOLE) to Djibouti. In December the USAF space shuttle Enterprise is launched from Vandenberg AFB on its first test mission, and the USAF launches a Titan IV rocket from Vandenberg AFB with a KH-12 reconnaissance satellite to monitor events in China. The US Navy also commissions the Nimitz Class nuclear powered aircraft carrier USS John C. Stennis at Norfolk and deploys it to the US Seventh Fleet in the Pacific. In East Germany the NVA also steps up dialogue with the Bundeswehr, and West Germany's military intelligence service requests computer files on NVA personnel to be made available to asses loyalty during any future reunification.
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#10
01-04-2016, 02:00 AM
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RN7, love your work but Damn! Wall of text makes my eyes bleed
 My eyes are getting too old so when I lose track of my place in a sentence I have to reread everything again! A paragraph break here and there would be most welcome, s'il vous plaît 
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#11
01-04-2016, 02:25 AM
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#12
01-04-2016, 05:34 PM
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 A few comments on 1995: (On the whole, I like this a lot, so I'll apologize if these seem picky) I am not sure that these satellite launches are worth mentioning on the global war scale. I would imagine that there are probably multiple launches of various satellites for improved intelligence, communication, and navigation purposes, even if they are simply put in quiet reserve orbits to be used as needed. Quote:
I think this makes more sense for 1996, when the Chinese are more desperate; here the Soviets are still 500 km away, and the Chinese believe they have the strength to fight back - they are planning a counter-offensive, after all. That’s before discussing the kind of flak the US president would get for giving a lot of expensive stuff away that we might need VERY soon. 1995 is a year before an election; the primary candidates for the opposing party would make great hay from that. Quote:
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Uncle Ted
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#13
01-04-2016, 10:34 PM
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The timeline is not yet finished and to be honest I'm prioritising the war in Europe and the Middle East at the moment, with the odd look at and type up of the Far East. I am trying to include canon T2k in my timeline as much as I can but some of it really contradicts sense or what should be happening. But the US and NATO do arm the Chinese, its just when that I have to decide upon. However the Chinese use the same weapons as the Soviets with the same calibre of ammunition, artillery rounds and tank shells etc. These are not compatible with US and NATO ammunition, at least most of it. So to arm the Chinese you are going to have to send US/NATO weapons with easily supplied NATO ammunition, or retool arms factories in the US and Europe to produce Soviet calibre ammunition which does not make sense if you are also arming your own forces. Quote:
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#14
03-07-2016, 10:47 AM
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Webstral's the man!
Webstral did a very nice writeup a couple of (many now?) years ago.
Check the archive forum here for topics like "Red Willow" and "Sino-Soviet War". I didn't try to replicate it since he did such a nice job! Enjoy!
__________________
I love the smell of napalm in the morning. You know, one time we had a hill bombed, for 12 hours. When it was all over, I walked up. We didn't find one of 'em, not one stinkin' body. The smell, you know that gasoline smell, the whole hill. Smelled like... victory. Someday this war's gonna end...
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